Table 3

Summary of sugar excretion following oral administration by study cohort

Summary of sugar excretion following oral administration by population
USA (N=22)Peru* (N=19)Zambia† (N=73)p Value
Post-rhamnose (ug/mL), median (range)50.10 (0.29 to 213.00)102.00 (2.66 to 301.00)34.50 (1.58 to 847.00)0.354‡
Fractional recovery rhamnose (%), median (range)0.38 (0.00 to 1.84) 0.61 (0.02 to 6.32)0.07 (0.00 to 1.50)0<0.001‡
Post-lactulose (μg/mL), median (range)6.78 (0.29 to 31.90)47.60 (4.23 to 379.00)75.40 (0.67 to 873.00)<0.001‡
Fractional recovery lactulose (%), median (range) 0.01 (0.00 to 0.07)0.15 (0.01 to 0.69)0.03 (0.00 to 0.35)<0.001‡
LR ratio, median (range) 0.14 (0.06 to 1.00)0.75 (0.15 to 5.02)2.26 (0.08 to 14.48)<0.001‡
Abnormal post LRR compared to the American 95th centile1 (5%)10 (53%)60 (82%)<0.001§
  • *Fractional recovery was available in 18 of the 19 Peruvian participants.

  • †Fractional recovery was only available in 67 of the Zambian participants. Other post-dose sugar concentrations were available for 73 of the Zambian participants.

  • ‡Kruskal-Wallis test.

  • §χ2 Test.